Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank
(June 12, 1929 -- beginning of March,
1945) was a European Jewish girl (born in
Germany, stateless since 1941, but she
aimed to be Dutch as she grew up in the
Netherlands) and who wrote a diary while
in hiding with her family and four friends
in Amsterdam during the German occupation
of the Netherlands in World War II. Anne
was born in Frankfurt, Germany, but her
family moved to Amsterdam in 1933, after
the Nazis gained power in Germany.
However, she and her family were trapped
when the Nazi occupation extended into the
Netherlands. As persecutions against the
Jewish population increased, the family
went into hiding in July 1942 in hidden
rooms in her father Otto Frank's office
building. After two years in hiding the
group was betrayed and transported to
concentration camps. Seven months after
her arrest, Anne died of typhus in the
Bergen-Belsen concentration camp within
days of her sister, Margot Frank. Her
father, Otto, the only survivor of the
group, returned to Amsterdam after the war
ended, to find that her diary had been
saved. Convinced that it was a unique
record, he took action to have it
published. It was published originally in
Dutch under the title Het Achterhuis:
Dagboekbrieven van 12 Juni 1942 -- 1
Augustus 1944 (The Backhouse: Diary notes
from 12 June 1942 -- 1 August 1944).
The diary, which was given to Anne Frank
on her thirteenth birthday, chronicles her
life from June 12, 1942 until August 1,
1944. It was eventually translated from
its original Dutch into many languages and
became one of the world's most widely read
books. There have also been several films,
television, theatrical productions, and
even an opera based on the diary.
Described as the work of a mature and
insightful mind, it provides an intimate
examination of daily life under Nazi
occupation and in hiding; through her
writing, Anne Frank has become one of the
most renowned and discussed of Holocaust
victims.
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